As stated earlier, the earthquakes are caused by the vibrations set up in the earths crust which spread outwards in all directions from the source of disturbance. The rippling effect is what causes the rapid and violent vibration of the earth surface earthquake, shaking and tearing everything on it including the earth surface itself, structures, and houses. Be prepared for aftershocks, which may be stronger than the initial jolt. When we discussed earthquake intensity we discussed some of the basic factors that affect the amplitude and duration of shaking produced by an earthquake earthquake size, distance from fault, site and regional geology, etc. Considerable work has been done in seismology to explain the characteristics of the recorded ground motions in earthquakes. Earthquakes how are they caused and what are the effects. Causes of earthquakes article about causes of earthquakes. Every year it causes a huge loss of life and property all around the world. Gcse geography in this video, we will look at the effects of earthquakes and how they can be ca. Precautions for earthquakes aichi prefectural government. Get an answer for what are the precautions to prevent an earthquake.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time anyone in croatia attempted to use earthquake statistics to estimate cumulative effects a building will have to withstand during its lifetime. Causes rupturing of dams and can cause floods and tsunami. The most common cause of a tsunami is an earthquake. The collapse of buildings is usually the cause of death and injuries, though floods and fires caused by earthquakes have also been known to cause great human suffering.
Such knowledge is needed to predict ground motions in future earthquakes so that earthquakeresistant structures can be designed. Quick thinking after an earthquake hits can minimize immediate dangers. You will learn to identify various methods that are used to prevent floods and explore how preventing natural flood. The strength, or magnitude, of an earthquake, is measured using the richter scale.
An earthquake can trigger many sudden changes in the environment which can be classified as primary e. Learn more about the causes and effects of earthquakes in this article. Earthquake earthquake methods of reducing earthquake hazards. These hazards are secondary dangers that could be triggered by an earthquake. Landslides, triggered by earthquake, often cause more destruction than the earthquake themselves. Let us see what earthquake is, its causes and effects, how earthquake is measured and also types of earthquakes. The main cause is that when tectonic plates, one rides over the other, causing orogeny collide mountain building, earthquakes. Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another. Top 10 tips for earthquake safety uci public safety. Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. What is earthquake, its causes, effects, measurement.
Volcanic earthquakes a volcano earthquake is an earthquake induced by the movement injection or withdrawal of magma. No one can predict when or where an earthquake will strike, but you and your family can be prepared before the next big one hits. Earthquake in many cases, can cause great loss of life. Proper strategies and awareness about disaster management is the need of the hour. Pdf earthquake is one of the most devastating natural calamities which causes sudden shaking of the earth surface. Causes, effects and types of landslides earth eclipse. If the earthquake happens to be beneath the ocean floor, they can lead to a tsunami. The disturbances inside the earth are called tectonic movements. Although earthquakes cause death and destruction through such secondary. The sudden shaking or rolling of the earths surface is called an earthquake. Short essay on the causes behind the earthquakes 266 words essay for kids on earthquakes free sample essay on earthquakes in india short essay on. Effects of earthquakes on human life in turkey and the precautions that should be implemented conference paper pdf available july 2018 with 17 reads how we measure reads. An earthquake is a sudden movement of earths crust which lasts for a very short time. Proper earthquake safety precautions after a tremor include the following.
Natural disasters never strike with a prior warning. For example, in 1923, 160,000 people were killed in an earthquake which destroyed the city of tokyo and the port of yokohama in japan. While landslides are considered naturally occurring disasters, humaninduced changes in the environment have recently caused their upsurge. Here are some easy pointers to make sure you stay safe the next time an earthquake strikes. Disaster is defined as a crisis situation causing wide spread damage which far exceeds our ability to recover. Causes, effects and precautions against earthquake created by.
This article talks about earthquakes, its magnitude scale, causes, types, etc. It is caused due to the energy release, which triggers waves that travel in all. But there are measures you can take to ensure the damage is minimal. Floods causes effects and prevention stormguard flood plan. Although the causes of landslides are wide ranging, they have 2 aspects in common. The movement of earths crust resulting from the release of built up potential energy between two stuck tectonic plates. If there happened to be a flood in your area, protecting your home could end up saving you a lot of money as well as the stress and hassle. Causes, consequences and its preventive role in sustainable development. Therefore, the buildings must be built in such a way that they are safe during such. Earthquake causes damage to the building, bridges, dams. A little knowledge and some simple precautions can help you survive when the big one strikes. Earthquake protection, definition, causes, effects.
Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. Earthquakes are caused by sudden tectonic movements in the earths crust. Tectonic earthquakes a tectonic earthquake is one that occurs when the earths crust breaks due to geological forces on rocks and adjoining plates that cause physical and chemical changes. Make sure your family is safe, and watch out for aftershocks. Stay away from houses that have started to collapse. These forces bring about changes on the earth surface and physical features like mountains, plateaus and rift valleys are formed. Check whether the ground around you is more susceptible to the effects of an earthquake. Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy within some limited region of the rocks of the earth. Causes, effects and geographical distribution of earthquakes. Hossain 1998, reveals much information in the fields of tectonics, earthquake, occurrence, ground motion attenuation etc are to be added. The impact of an earthquake can be measured by a seismometer. Ducking under a table or desk is the quickest way to. Research the area and find out if you live near an active fault line.
The following earthquake preparation tips take a few hours to create a plan and organize supplies that will keep you safer. We will explain floods causes effects and prevention by using different types of flood defence systems. Earthquake simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. There are many ways to prevent flooding at your property. Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, destruction and. Download the seven steps to earthquake safety brochure pdf prepare. Tend injuries immediately and summon emergency assistance if necessary. A tsunami is a series of waves caused by an earthquake, underwater volcanic eruption, landslide or other abrupt disturbance. Forecasting earthquakes are a bit difficult but warning systems have been developed. Jun 10, 2012 effects of an earthquake earthquake produces various damaging effect in the areas the act upon. Mar 24, 2020 earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through earths rocks. In most situations, you will reduce your chance of injury if you. Causes and effects of earthquakes engineering essay.
Causes and measurements earthquakes the objectives of this part of the course will to be gain an understanding of the science of earthquakes so that we can answer the following questions. Definition a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earths crust or volcanic action. The recent earthquake that struck nepal and north indian states is nature. The energy released from earthquakes fracture the surface of the earth. The earthquakes having magnitudes higher than 7 on the richter scale are really destructive earthquakes. Ncert notes on important topics for the upsc civil services exam. The shaking of the ground causes landslides and avalanches. Earthquake magnitude earthquake severity richter magnitude earthquake effects less than 3. Earthquake protection, definition, causes, effects, precaution. Earthquakes causes and effects of earthquakes gcse. Learn and revise about earthquakes, the magnitude scale and examine a case study looking at the devastation left in haiti with bbc bitesize ks3 geography.
The largest fault surfaces on earth are formed due to boundaries between moving plates. Tsunami caused by an earthquake in the sea near sumatra on 26th dec, 2004 hit southeast asian countries including india and sri lanka. Its like when youre teacher loses their marbles because youve asked them the same question 7 times in a row. The energy can be released by elastic strain, gravity, chemical reactions, or even the motion of massive bodies. Earthquakes are not a frequent occurrence, but when they do strike, the magnitude of damage they cause is insurmountable. In this video lesson, you will study floods, their causes and their effects. Earthquake, its effects, design construction of buildings prof. This will protect us from the losses and help to cope up with these hazards. The list of some of the main effects caused by earthquakes are given below. Pdf effects of earthquakes on human life in turkey and the. Definition, causes, measures and other details with diagram.
These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on. Earthquakes are one of the most destructive mothernature disasters in the world. An earthquake is a sudden shaking movement of the surface of the earth. Earthquakes are caused by disturbances in the interior of the earth and other causes. It detects the vibrations caused and it puts these movements on a seismograph. When it reaches the earths surface, an earthquake occurs which is in the form of ripples seismic waves of escaping energy. You cannot tell from the initial shaking if an earthquake will suddenly become intenseso always drop, cover, and hold on immediately.